lab 7
1.why do we need to ping?
Ping is the amount of milliseconds it takes a packet of information to reach the server from you and back. Basically it's a measurement of connection speed, and it influences lag quite a lot.
Ping tells how long it takes a "packet" of data to travel from your computer to a server on the Internet and back. Whenever you experience delayed responses in Internet applications - this would be due to a higher than desired ping. Similar to packet loss, lower is better when it comes to ping. A result below 100 ms should be expected from any decent broadband connection.
Ping is the measure of latency (lag) from your computer to the server and back to your computer. A ping is sent to a server (which contains a packet of information 32 bits long, those are a combination of 32 0's and 1's) and then the server sends that back.
2.Explain the term Sent ,receive ,lost and TTL.
Receive and send is the one of the things TCP/IP is designed to deal with is packet loss. Ideally, every packet you send should get to where it’s going, but for various reasons, that doesn’t always happen. As long as the packets can get there after a retry or two, in normal usage you’d never notice. Ping sends multiple packets and reports specifically on the success rate, so you can see if a particular connection is prone to packet loss. TTL(tim-to-live) is a value in an Internet Protocol (IP) packet that tells a network router whether or not the packet has been in the network too long and should be discarded. In IPv6 the TTL field in each packet has been renamed the hop limit.An IP TTL is set initially by the system sending the packet. It can be set to any value between 1 and 255; different operating systems set different defaults. Each router that receives the packet subtracts at least 1 from the count; if the count remains greater than 0, the router forwards the packet, otherwise it discards it and sends an Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) message back to the originating host, which may trigger a resend.The point of the TTL/hop limit is to keep streams of undeliverable packets stuck in routing loops (perhaps due to incorrect routing tables) from circulating forever and clogging up the networks in question. In Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) clouds, the MPLS TTL is copied from the IP TTL when the IP packet enters the cloud. On egress
, the MPLS TTL value is copied into the IP TTL field (as long as it is less than the value in the field).LOST is amount of packets that did not return from the address user type in the prompt
3.Explain what is happening in figure1.
when we ask it to ping will look up the ip address that is 117.194.0.24 and with 32 bytes of data. This is one of the quickest ways to determine the IP address associated with a domain. Reply from 117.194.0.24 that tell you that the remote server at that IP address replied. What that means, though, is that the entire route across the internet, from your machine through routers and switches and networking equipment and whatever else, worked, as did the return path carrying the server’s reply. If this fails, (“timed out”) then something along the connection between you and the server might be broken, the server might be offline, or the server might not even exist. It’s also possible the server is explicitly configured not to respond to ping requests. time smaller than 1 ms, that means the rount trip time that the send and receive the data. Since the ping is repeated several times, you can see that this time is fairly consistent, which is good. The time varies depending on many factors, including how close you are to the remote server, how many routers and other networking equipment are between you and that server, and more. sent equal to 4, receive equal to 4 and lost equal to 0.That means One of the things TCP/IP is designed to deal with is packet loss. Ideally, every packet you send should get to where it’s going, but for various reasons, that doesn’t always happen. As long as the packets can get there after a retry or two, in normal usage you’d never notice. Ping sends multiple packets and reports specifically on the success rate, so you can see if a particular connection is prone to packet loss.The TTL is equal to 64.
4. 127.0.0.1 refers to the IP adress.
5.why do we need to ping 127.0.0.1?
because ping can't read the form of link and only can communicate with ip address.So, need convert to ip address to let the ping know what the request from this sever.ping user address is to see is there any network connection and is the computer functioning.
6.Explain what is happening in figure 2?
when we ask it to ping will look up the ip address that is 127.0.0.1 and with 32 bytes of data. This is one of the quickest ways to determine the IP address associated with a domain. Reply from 127.0.0.1 that tell you that the remote server at that IP address replied. What that means, though, is that the entire route across the internet, from your machine through routers and switches and networking equipment and whatever else, worked, as did the return path carrying the server’s reply. If this fails, (“timed out”) then something along the connection between you and the server might be broken, the server might be offline, or the server might not even exist. It’s also possible the server is explicitly configured not to respond to ping requests.time smaller than 1 ms,that means the rount trip time that the send and receive the data.Since the ping is repeated several times, you can see that this time is fairly consistent, which is good. The time varies depending on many factors, including how close you are to the remote server, how many routers and other networking equipment are between you and that server, and more. sent equal to 4, receive equal to 4 and lost equal to 0.That means One of the things TCP/IP is designed to deal with is packet loss. Ideally, every packet you send should get to where it’s going, but for various reasons, that doesn’t always happen. As long as the packets can get there after a retry or two, in normal usage you’d never notice. Ping sends multiple packets and reports specifically on the success rate, so you can see if a particular connection is prone to packet loss.The TTL is equal to 64.
7.What does it mean by request times out?
Request timed out means that the host you're pinging behind a firewall that drops your ICMP echo request packets.
8.Explain what is happening in figure 3?
The ip adress of www.google.com is 1216.58.196.36.1 .But,fail to request .looping many time but still request times out.
9.what is the different between figure 3 and figure 4?
figure 3 took long time to receive the ip address and figure 4 is too less time to receive the ip address.
10.What is tracert?
Ping performs a simple host lookup. TRACEROUTE is another very helpful utility that operates similarly toping and also uses the services of the ICMP protocol. Traceroute, as the name implies, is used to trace the path between the sender and the destination host.
11.Explain what is happening in figure 5?
User search the website address and view server name and IP address of the website.
12.Explain Physical Address and IP address.
physical address is the hardware address which mean Hardware address which means its unique to the network card installed on the pc. IP address is the bound to the network device such as computer, or via software.
13.What are the differences between Physical Address and IP address.
physical address have function at data link layer,ip address have function at network layer.physical layer is Mac address,IP address is Logical address.physical address is fixed ,ip address is changes with the relocation of devices from one network to another.
Ping is the amount of milliseconds it takes a packet of information to reach the server from you and back. Basically it's a measurement of connection speed, and it influences lag quite a lot.
Ping tells how long it takes a "packet" of data to travel from your computer to a server on the Internet and back. Whenever you experience delayed responses in Internet applications - this would be due to a higher than desired ping. Similar to packet loss, lower is better when it comes to ping. A result below 100 ms should be expected from any decent broadband connection.
Ping is the measure of latency (lag) from your computer to the server and back to your computer. A ping is sent to a server (which contains a packet of information 32 bits long, those are a combination of 32 0's and 1's) and then the server sends that back.
2.Explain the term Sent ,receive ,lost and TTL.
Receive and send is the one of the things TCP/IP is designed to deal with is packet loss. Ideally, every packet you send should get to where it’s going, but for various reasons, that doesn’t always happen. As long as the packets can get there after a retry or two, in normal usage you’d never notice. Ping sends multiple packets and reports specifically on the success rate, so you can see if a particular connection is prone to packet loss. TTL(tim-to-live) is a value in an Internet Protocol (IP) packet that tells a network router whether or not the packet has been in the network too long and should be discarded. In IPv6 the TTL field in each packet has been renamed the hop limit.An IP TTL is set initially by the system sending the packet. It can be set to any value between 1 and 255; different operating systems set different defaults. Each router that receives the packet subtracts at least 1 from the count; if the count remains greater than 0, the router forwards the packet, otherwise it discards it and sends an Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) message back to the originating host, which may trigger a resend.The point of the TTL/hop limit is to keep streams of undeliverable packets stuck in routing loops (perhaps due to incorrect routing tables) from circulating forever and clogging up the networks in question. In Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) clouds, the MPLS TTL is copied from the IP TTL when the IP packet enters the cloud. On egress
, the MPLS TTL value is copied into the IP TTL field (as long as it is less than the value in the field).LOST is amount of packets that did not return from the address user type in the prompt
3.Explain what is happening in figure1.
when we ask it to ping will look up the ip address that is 117.194.0.24 and with 32 bytes of data. This is one of the quickest ways to determine the IP address associated with a domain. Reply from 117.194.0.24 that tell you that the remote server at that IP address replied. What that means, though, is that the entire route across the internet, from your machine through routers and switches and networking equipment and whatever else, worked, as did the return path carrying the server’s reply. If this fails, (“timed out”) then something along the connection between you and the server might be broken, the server might be offline, or the server might not even exist. It’s also possible the server is explicitly configured not to respond to ping requests. time smaller than 1 ms, that means the rount trip time that the send and receive the data. Since the ping is repeated several times, you can see that this time is fairly consistent, which is good. The time varies depending on many factors, including how close you are to the remote server, how many routers and other networking equipment are between you and that server, and more. sent equal to 4, receive equal to 4 and lost equal to 0.That means One of the things TCP/IP is designed to deal with is packet loss. Ideally, every packet you send should get to where it’s going, but for various reasons, that doesn’t always happen. As long as the packets can get there after a retry or two, in normal usage you’d never notice. Ping sends multiple packets and reports specifically on the success rate, so you can see if a particular connection is prone to packet loss.The TTL is equal to 64.
4. 127.0.0.1 refers to the IP adress.
5.why do we need to ping 127.0.0.1?
because ping can't read the form of link and only can communicate with ip address.So, need convert to ip address to let the ping know what the request from this sever.ping user address is to see is there any network connection and is the computer functioning.
6.Explain what is happening in figure 2?
when we ask it to ping will look up the ip address that is 127.0.0.1 and with 32 bytes of data. This is one of the quickest ways to determine the IP address associated with a domain. Reply from 127.0.0.1 that tell you that the remote server at that IP address replied. What that means, though, is that the entire route across the internet, from your machine through routers and switches and networking equipment and whatever else, worked, as did the return path carrying the server’s reply. If this fails, (“timed out”) then something along the connection between you and the server might be broken, the server might be offline, or the server might not even exist. It’s also possible the server is explicitly configured not to respond to ping requests.time smaller than 1 ms,that means the rount trip time that the send and receive the data.Since the ping is repeated several times, you can see that this time is fairly consistent, which is good. The time varies depending on many factors, including how close you are to the remote server, how many routers and other networking equipment are between you and that server, and more. sent equal to 4, receive equal to 4 and lost equal to 0.That means One of the things TCP/IP is designed to deal with is packet loss. Ideally, every packet you send should get to where it’s going, but for various reasons, that doesn’t always happen. As long as the packets can get there after a retry or two, in normal usage you’d never notice. Ping sends multiple packets and reports specifically on the success rate, so you can see if a particular connection is prone to packet loss.The TTL is equal to 64.
7.What does it mean by request times out?
Request timed out means that the host you're pinging behind a firewall that drops your ICMP echo request packets.
8.Explain what is happening in figure 3?
The ip adress of www.google.com is 1216.58.196.36.1 .But,fail to request .looping many time but still request times out.
9.what is the different between figure 3 and figure 4?
figure 3 took long time to receive the ip address and figure 4 is too less time to receive the ip address.
10.What is tracert?
Ping performs a simple host lookup. TRACEROUTE is another very helpful utility that operates similarly toping and also uses the services of the ICMP protocol. Traceroute, as the name implies, is used to trace the path between the sender and the destination host.
11.Explain what is happening in figure 5?
User search the website address and view server name and IP address of the website.
12.Explain Physical Address and IP address.
physical address is the hardware address which mean Hardware address which means its unique to the network card installed on the pc. IP address is the bound to the network device such as computer, or via software.
13.What are the differences between Physical Address and IP address.
physical address have function at data link layer,ip address have function at network layer.physical layer is Mac address,IP address is Logical address.physical address is fixed ,ip address is changes with the relocation of devices from one network to another.
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